a. visual information. a) motor fibers that conduct nerve impulses from the CNS to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands b) motor fibers that conduct nerve impulses from the CNS to skeletal muscles c) sensory and motor neurons t. 1. Motor. David N. Shier, Jackie L. Butler, Ricki Lewis, Anatomy and Physiology: An Integrative Approach, Michael McKinley, Theresa Bidle, Valerie O'Loughlin, LELCB 1B (28/1) - Collocation review (gap fil. 64. Which of the following is not true concerning the structural classification of neurons? Contains cells with macrophage activity c. Exhibits regenerative capacities d. Contains lymphatic vessel. c. Epigenetics c. It is avascular. a. Amygdala B) Schwann cells The nucleus accumbens facilitates fear and aggression. Hint. a. Autonomic pathways consist of two types of motor neurons. b. ANS stimulation of involuntary effectors is always excitatory. The p.N370S substitution causes a violation of the enzyme conformation, which affects its stability in the cell. b. Interneurons. B) norepinephrine d. improve recovery from traumatic brain injury. B) voltage-gated channel Which of the following is not a special characteristic of neurons? Identify the neuron type described: Two functional neuron types that are structurally multipolar neurons. d. the person has a history of drug abuse. 72. Fill in the blank. a. Trigeminal nerve b. the person has a disease that affects myelin around axons. depression would be an example of: d. pineal gland. nervous system. They have extreme longevity. order to draw a diagram in her notebook. (b) Ordinary tungsten incandescent lightbulbs used in households are filled with argon gas at about 0.5 atm to retard the sublimation of the tungsten filament. C) the impulse would spread bidirectionally A) release nerve growth factor What is the function of upper motor neurons? The actual cause of the neurodegenerative component of the disease is however unclear. As you start working out, you notice that your heart rate and breathing rate start to increase. A) act as a transmitting agent View the full answer. D) sensory and motor neurons that supply the digestive tract, What are ciliated CNS neuroglia that play an active role in moving the cerebrospinal fluid called? d. prefrontal cortex. Neurons are the basic functional units of the nervous system, and they generate electrical signals called action potentials, which allow them to quickly transmit information over long distances. a. periaqueductal gray. What function is served by the increased axon diameter at the nodes of Ranvier? b. efferent neuron. b. cause inattention. The all-or-none phenomenon as applied to nerve conduction states that the whole nerve cell must be stimulated for conduction to take place. The following is a list of characteristics of neurons: - Neurons are cells that specialized in the transmission of electrical impulses. b. Medulla threshold Voltage-gated Na+ Aim: The Combining Mechanisms for Better Outcomes randomized controlled trial assessed the effectiveness of various spinal cord stimulation (SCS) modalities for chronic pain. 8. d. ventral root. GABA and glycine are amino acid neurotransmitters; dopamine and norepinephrine are catecholamines; and endorphin and enkephalin are peptide transmitters. This disease causes gradual muscle stiffness . a. 45. d. endothelial cells., 2. Its cell body is in an autonomic ganglion outside the CNS. A) sodium o Neurons have a very long lifespan Have low mitotic activity fie cannot undergo cell division) O Ability to transmit electrical signals (i.e. Diminished release of acetylcholine from preganglionic sympathetic neurons would: a. Alzheimer's disease. d. Neurogenetics. c. The cerebral cortex includes the cerebellum. What process does this interfere with and what would be the consequence? a. M4 A) motor fibers that conduct nerve impulses from the CNS to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands a. hippocampus The substance released at axon terminals to propagate a nervous impulse is called a (n) ________. b. E) guide the migration of young neurons, synapse formation, and helping to determine capillary permeability. D) astrocytes, What does the central nervous system use to determine the strength of a stimulus? I was doing so well." A) postsynaptic potential Different types of neurons include sensory, motor, and interneurons, as well as structurally-based neurons, which include unipolar, multipolar, bipolar, and pseudo-unipolar neurons. 63. Methods: Participants were prospectively enrolled . B) muscle contraction would occur C) Sodium gates in the membrane can open in response to electrical potential changes. The cells communicate by sending signals between different parts of the brain, and the neurons can interface with gray matter nuclei. Characteristics Of Neurons. a. Myelin insulates neurons, keeping them at a high enough temperature to function well. c. neurotrophins. a. motor fibers that conduct nerve impulses from the CNS to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands. a. The parasympathetic nervous system prepares the body for rigorous activity. A) the impulse would move to the axon terminal only. True or False, Which of the following is not a function of astrocytes? Answer: Option D is correct Explanation: Neurons generally do not e . 70. B) oligodendrocytes Answer (1 of 3): So a neuron is a specialized cell in the brain with certain characteristics. capacity of divide via mitosis due to absence of centrosomes. If a loud noise made you jump, which structure was most likely responsible for this d. M1. Neurons generate and conduct electrical impulses called action potentials. a. improve working memory. [25] designed a voltage output feedback controller, which uses the neural network feed-forward (NNFF) with the harmony search algorithm (HSA) to control the PEMFC output voltage. The cell body is the metabolic center of the neuron. d. the structure is anterior to the area. B) chloride C) Sodium gates will open first, then close as potassium gates open. The significance of the myelin sheath surrounding axons of werve neurons is that ia is B. composed of synaptio vesieles, which corapletely botate the nouron due w ins whter dianecer. Which of the following are true about neurons? 61. A) axon c. ventricles. a. synapses. Like the heart, lungs, and stomach, the nervous system is made up of specialized cells. As specifically as you can, outline the steps you would take to insert and express the gene for a new, nutritious seed protein in wheat. 2 introduce new . A) astrocytes d. hippocampus. a. They control, in this way, from the movement of an arm, thoughts and even feelings through electrical signals that are called nerve impulses. a. Which of the following is not a characteristic of ion channels? It stores energy reserves. d. cerebellum. Neuronal processes that normally conduct impulses toward neuron cell bodies are called and those that carry impulses away from neuron cell bodies are called. c. Astrocytes D) Schwann cells, Schwann cells are functionally similar to ________. d. M1 microglial cells. B) muscle contraction would occur. Schwann cells myelinate PNS axons. b. hypothalamus. Neurons: If a drug severely depressed the functioning of the medulla, which of the following might be Damage to the ________________ could cause changes to one's motivation to eat, such as C) Group B fibers are highly myelinated and have the highest conduction velocities. Mountainside's local landscaping business totaled approximately $789,400 in sales for the year. Which of the following best describes the function of astrocytes? Motor has two divisions: the somatic and autonomic. Which of the following is not characteristic of neurons? Which of the following is not characteristic of neurons? Cells may have long extensions. A postsynaptic cell can be a neuron, a muscle cell, or a secretory cell. In myelinated axons the voltage-regulated sodium channels are concentrated at the nodes of Ranvier. This is an example of: Events that occur during synaptic activity are listed here, but they are arranged in an incorrect order. According to the signal, carried by motor nerves to effector organs, the muscles and glands . The person would have impaired decision making while the drug's effects were active. Show the details. Which of the following are functions of the CNS? Which functional classification of neurons is the most numerous? C) oligodendrocytes D) spinal cord and spinal nerves, The substance released at axon terminals to propagate a nervous impulse is called a(n) ________. Which of the following is not true about the cerebral cortex? In epilepsy research, there is a growing interest in the role of the piriform cortex (PC) in the development and maintenance of limbic kindling and other types of limbic . Myelination of the nerve fibers in the central nervous system is the job of the oligodendrocyte. Enkephalins and endorphins are peptides that act like morphine. d. gyri. c. in the synapse. D) innervation of skeletal muscle, Collections of nerve cell bodies outside the central nervous system are called ________. Select all that apply. A) They increase amplitude as they move away from the stimulus point. The majority of these axonal knobs are shown to be "firing." C) are crucial in the production of neurotransmitters Which pattern of neural processing is important for higher level mental processing such as problem solving? Neurotransmitters are chemical signals used as a means of communication. B) The release of neurotransmitter molecules gives cells the property of being electrically coupled. D) glial cell, Saltatory conduction is made possible by ________. kg 1), . Therefore, the axon can release one or more neurotransmitters simultaneously, creating singular or multiple events. d. Autonomic Nervous System, 21. C) voltage stimulus to initiate An inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP) is associated with ________. The oligodendrocytes can myelinate several axons. The parasympathetic division includes the splanchnic nerves. We used embryonic stem cell-derived (H9) human neuronal stem cells . 100% (3 ratings) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of neurons? 68. d. Cingulate cortex. The frequency of impulse transmission indicates the stimulus intensity and the brain responds appropriately. What are the possible responses? While taking notes in class, a student had keep in mind what the professor had just stated in All rights reserved. A) peripheral and spinal nerves a. Mitochondria in a neuron would no longer function. A researcher found that a drug increased heart rate. lowers the probability of producing an action potential. Site of mRNA translation for proteins of the axolemma c. Axon fibres are covered by a white sheath called myelin. Neurons may be classified according to several characteristics. Do not divide - (neural stem cells are an exception) 3. Which of the following is not a function of the autonomic nervous system? 40. The pathogenesis of the sudden disruption of neurologic function is unknown; it probably involves dysregulation of the reticular activating system in . b. Somatic Nervous System a. epigenetics. Which of the following is not a function of astrocytes? a. it is not an increase in membrane potential b. causes the voltage of the internal membrane towards zero c. inside the membrane becomes more positive than resting potential d. lowers the probability of producing an action potential e. none of the above. Neuroglia perform supportive functions in the brain. The greater the density of spines along dendrites, the greater a neuron's: 5. B. a. increase the activity of postganglionic sympathetic neurons. c) Neurons are the most abundant type of cell in nervous tissue. c. The person would later be unable to recall events that took place for some period of time after e. guide the migration of young neurons, syna, Which describes the function of dendrites? Neurons can function optimally for over 100 years. High metabolic rate. a. medulla. The contractions of skeletal muscles pull on tendons and move bones of the skeleton. copyright 2003-2023 Homework.Study.com. A) mechanically gated channel a) Myelin insulates neurons, keeping them at a high enough temperature to function well. A) long distance signaling Strong stimuli cause the amplitude of action potentials generated to increase. B. Myelin prevents the conduction of electricity from the axon hillock to the axon terminal. A) positively charged and contains less sodium d. Hypothalamus, 37. b) Myelin prevents conduction of electricity from the axon hillock to the axon terminal. Increased diameter results in increased surface area on the membrane for sodium channels. B) negatively charged and contains less sodium b. Neurons in the CNS are organized into functional groups. Which membrane potential occurs because of the influx of Na+ through chemically gated channels in the receptive region of a neuron? c. pons. c. Transcription factors GBA variants increase the risk of Parkinson's disease (PD) by 10 times. B) are found on "pathfinder" neurons 69. What structural classification describes this neuron? The patient has a polymorphism that slow metabolism of a drug. 12. a. cerebellar ataxia. b. motor fibers that conduct nerve impulses from CNS to skeletal muscles. 46. Which of the following statements is true? a. d. transcription factor. b. increased heart rate. a. norepinephrine. d. increase the density of dendritic spines. d. The blood-brain barrier, 17. Which of the following describes the excitatory postsynaptic potential? glia b.) Which of the following is NOT a function or characteristic of neurons? To reveal how individual NAc neurons respond to reward, we implanted gradient index (GRIN) lenses in the NAcLat and the NAcMed and recorded single-neuron calcium activity using a miniature head-mounted microscopy (Figures 2 A and 2B). a. Dendrite b. In what way does the interior surface of a cell membrane of a resting (nonconducting) neuron differ from the external environment? A) Sensory neuron B) Motor neuron C) Interneuron D) All of the above. d. The cerebral cortex is found on the surface of the brain. C) anchor neurons to blood vessels In general, neurons cannot be replaced if destroyed. Neurons are a type of cell and are part of the nervous system. What distinguishes nerve cells and other excitable membranes (e.g., muscle cells) is that they are capable of changing their resting potential. d. it fills spaces in the brain. True or False, If bacteria invaded the CNS tissue, microglia would migrate to the area to engulf and destroy them. a. forebrain. If an experimental drug produced physiological effects similar to nitric oxide, then a The term central nervous system refers to the ________. All of the following describe functions for cerebrospinal fluid except: Polygenic inheritance is the inheritance of traits that are influenced by multiple genes. Name the parts that comprise the elbow joint. b. oligodendrocytes. 11. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of neurons? Motor afferent neurons possess long dendrites and short axons. What are the properties of myelinated axons which makes them ideal for long-distance motor control of skeletal muscle? What effect might a disease that destroyed oligodendrocytes have on neuronal function? Expert Answer. The cerebral cortex is located in the forebrain. Neurons that lie between sensory neurons and motor neurons are called ________. A) motor neurons WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS TRUE REGARDING UMNS ? We studied the biochemical characteristics of dopaminergic (DA) neurons generated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from a PD . a. that a person will have a polymorphism. 2003-2023 Chegg Inc. All rights reserved. For skeletal muscle cells to contract, they must be excited by motor neurons. Question. C. Myelin traps sodium ions in the ax. d. parasympathetic nervous system. d. the hypothalamus. b. thalamus. A) the membrane potential has been reestablished motor fibers that conduct nerve impulses from the CNS to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands. 51. Which of the following conducts impulses to an effector? In your opinion, is "A Christmas Memory" merely a vivid portrayal of a memory, or does it also convey a theme, or message? c. Cerebellum 13. Which statement is true? B) amplify or enhance the effect of ACh c. a Mendelian disease. Define neurotransmitter. Two subtypes of motor neurons have been identified: inferior and superior. Immediately after an action potential the potassium gates, being slow gates that do not respond to change in the electrical charge, allow additional K+ ions to flood into the cell. They are electrically excitable cells which generate action potentials. d. implicit memory. Which of the following stimuli caused the reaction in the graph on the left? b. polymorphism. a. Pupil dilation The midbrain contains the: c. Extrapyramidal System C) They increase amplitude as they move away from the stimulus point. ATP neurotransmitters have what basic effect on the body? These cells have a star-like shape and a central body that contains the . Discovering that early life stress may cause polymorphisms that increase the risk of A toxin that destroyed the presynaptic terminal on an axon would likely: 7. How are women stereotyped by men in Lamb to the Slaughter by Roald Dahl? A drug that caused someone to make a reckless decision might be affecting the: c. they form an insulating material around axons. d. Neurons. FUNCTIONS OF ORGANELL NEURONS<br><br>The nerve cell - neuron - is a structural and functional unit of nervous tissue. An inhibitory intracellular matrix releases neurotrophins to impair axon re-growth. The cerebellum is located in the: d. Polymorphism, 50. 13. During depolarization, the inside of the neuron's membrane becomes less negative. However, the electrical impulses cannot pass directly from a nerve cell to the skeletal muscle cells to excite them. 23. 1.Introduction. A. neuronal fibers; axons B. axons; dendrites C. dendr. b. that a person is genetically female. b. astrocytes respond to injury. D) A single type of channel will open, permitting simultaneous flow of sodium and potassium. B They have extreme longevity. . The Quadratic Formula from Kinematics In this problem we show how the kinematic equations of motion can be used to derive the quadratic formula. Which of the following is expected to occur first if the membrane potential decrease shown in the graph on the left were to reach the threshold value indicated at ~ -55 mV? 4. Which of the following plays an integral role in saltatory conduction? C) negatively charged and contains more sodium. What are the advantages and disadvantages of Europe's communications systems? The synapse more common in embryonic nervous tissue than in adults is the ________. True or False, Unipolar neurons have axons structurally divided into peripheral and central processes. Similar to hormones, NO and CO promote longer-lasting effects by acting through intracellular second-messenger molecules. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like 1. d. temporal lobe. Which of the following will occur when an excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) is being generated on the dendritic membrane? B) short distance depolarization specific or different from others in some way that they do not have. Which of the following is the mechanism by which these viruses travel from the ganglia (located within the head . Briefly describe 6 effects this division has on the body. An anesthetic protocol allowing electrophysiological singleunit recordings from inhibitory, presumably GABAergic PC interneurons in vivo is developed and may be useful for evaluation of PC neurons in kindled rats. Motor afferent neurons possess long dendrites and short axons. b. thalamus. Answer: Option D is correct Explanation: Neurons generally do not e. Characteristics of the Neuron. Resting potentials are not just characteristics of nerve cells; all cells in the body have resting potentials. 41. Spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) play a vital role in conveying complex information from hair cells to the brainstem (Shrestha et al., 2018).As the injury or degeneration of SGNs is particularly devastating to hearing function, thus the repair of SGNs is of great importance in hearing-related biomedical fields (Petitpre et al., 2018; Wei et al., 2021). The correct answer is (d) All of these are characteristic of neurons. Which of the following correctly describes a graded potential?