These cookies may also be used for advertising purposes by these third parties. Assisted living facilities: facility providing help with activities of daily living. To find COVID-19 vaccine locations near you:Searchvaccines.gov, text your ZIP code to 438829, or call 1-800-232-0233. Informed consent is required to implement a standing order for vaccination, but this does not necessarily mean a signed consent must be present. How to Acquire PPE All long-term care facilities are instructed to purchase necessary personal protective equipment. CDC twenty four seven. CDC and the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), recommend that all U.S. healthcare personnel get vaccinated annually against influenza. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website. CDC twenty four seven. Baloxavir is approved for early treatment of uncomplicated influenza in people 5 years and older who are otherwise healthy or in people aged 12 years and older who are at higher risk for influenza complications and have been ill for no more than 2 days. Guidance for Infection Control and Prevention for Nursing Facilities: Revised Guidance- March 9, 2020. Guidance for Infection Control and Prevention Concerning COVID-19 . Visitors should call ahead to arrange or schedule a visit. van der Sande MA, Ruijs WL, Meijer A, Cools HJ, van der Plas SM. If resident movement or transport is necessary, have the resident wear a facemask (e.g., surgical or procedure mask), if possible. COVID-19 Guidance and Resources Nursing Homes and Long-term Care Facilities Vaccine Access in Long-term Care Clinical Staff Information Fact sheets, guidelines, reports, and resources Be a Safe Resident Wearing a gown if soiling of clothes with a residents respiratory secretions is anticipated. Saving Lives, Protecting People, Vaccine Recommendations and Guidelines of the ACIP, Pharmacy Partnership for Long-Term Care Program, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Comprehensive Recommendations and Guidelines, Preventing and Managing Adverse Reactions, Vaccine Recommendations for Emergency Situations, CDC's International Travelers Yellow Book, Clinical Travel Notices, Updates, and Vaccine Shortages, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, HCP with direct patient contact and thus who are unable to telework, including those who work in inpatient, outpatient, or community settings, who provide services to patients or patients family members, or who handle infectious materials, HCP working in residential care or long-term care facilities, HCP with documented acute SARS-CoV-2 infection in the preceding 90 days may choose to delay vaccination until near the end of the 90 day period in order to facilitate vaccination of those HCP who remain susceptible to infection, as. If you have additional questions about how to get a COVID-19 vaccine, talk with your healthcare provider. Specific recommendations are highlighted below. CDC's guidance titled Prevention Strategies for Seasonal Influenza in Healthcare Settings contains details on the prevention strategies for all healthcare settings. COVID-19 vaccines may be administered along with and on the same day as other vaccines, such as the flu vaccine. The COVID-19 vaccine is finally rolling out, with people who live in long-term care facilities, such . CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website. Detection and control of influenza outbreaks in well-vaccinated nursing home populations. Baloxavir is not recommended for pregnant women, severely immunosuppressed persons, those with severe disease, or hospitalized influenza patients. Family and friends. Making nursing homes better places to live, work, and visit. CDC recommends everyone stay up to date with COVID-19 vaccines for their age group: People who are moderately or severely immunocompromised have. When 2 cases of laboratory-confirmed influenza are identified within 72 hours of each other in residents on the same unit, outbreak control measures should be implemented as soon as possible. These cookies may also be used for advertising purposes by these third parties. For more information on the antiviral agents see CDCs influenza antiviral medication page for health professionals. 2019 Aug 5;19(1):210. doi: 10.1186/s12877-019-1236-6. The updated guidance, which applies regardless of a nursing home's level of vaccination status, includes the following recommendations: Source control - Everyone in a health care facility. Facilities can also assess the unique risks of their setting and the populations they serve and use enhanced COVID-19 prevention strategies, described below, to help reduce the impact of COVID-19. Hospital Acquired Infections and Multi-Drug Resistant Organisms in LTC (HAI/MDRO) Communicating the MDRO status of patients between healthcare facilities continues to be an issue in Orange County. These cookies allow us to count visits and traffic sources so we can measure and improve the performance of our site. Isolation and Quarantine Housing. Limit the number of large group activities in the facility and consider serving all meals in resident rooms if possible when the outbreak is widespread (involving multiple units of the facility). Facilities should refer to the CDC's Updated Healthcare Infection Prevention and Control Recommendations in Response to COVID-19 Vaccination, PA-HAN 626, and CMS QSO-20-39-NH for guidance in supporting close contact (including touch) with visitors. Guidance for Fully Vaccinated Residents of Assisted Living Facilities Fully vaccinated residents of assisted living facilities may follow the CDC's recommendations for individuals who have been fully immunized against COVID-19 as described below: Fully vaccinated residents can gather with other fully vaccinated residents without masks CDC twenty four seven. This is at the providers discretion; written consent is not required by federal law for COVID-19 vaccination in the United States (U.S.). Anthony S. Fauci, the government's leading infectious-disease expert, told Axios that the public is misinterpreting the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's announcement last week that . Talk with the LTC staff about getting vaccinated on site. Cookies used to track the effectiveness of CDC public health campaigns through clickthrough data. Effective July 1, 2022, the Department of Public Health advises that individuals should wear a mask or face covering when indoors (and not in your own home) if you have a weakened immune system, or if you are at increased risk for severe disease because of your age or an underlying medical condition, or if someone in your household has a . Cookies used to enable you to share pages and content that you find interesting on CDC.gov through third party social networking and other websites. 2018 Sep;46(9):1077-1079. If you need to go back and make any changes, you can always do so by going to our Privacy Policy page. If available, multiplex nucleic acid detection assay for SARS-CoV-2, influenza A and B viruses can be performed onsite, or at an offsite clinical laboratory.3, Two different specimens may need to be collected if a multiplex nucleic acid detection assay including both influenza viruses and SARS-CoV-2 is unavailable.2,3, B) Test for SARS-CoV-2 by nucleic acid detection4OR by SARS-CoV-2 antigen detection assay.5,6, Because antigen detection assays have lower sensitivity than nucleic acid detection assaysfor detecting SARS-CoV-2 in upper respiratory tract specimens, a negative SARS-CoV-2 antigen detection assay resultin a symptomatic persondoes not exclude SARS-CoV-2 infection and should be confirmed by either a negative result from a SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid detection assay or a second negative antigen test result on an upper respiratory tract specimen collected 48 hours after the first negative testresult. If you do not allow these cookies we will not know when you have visited our site, and will not be able to monitor its performance. Thank you for taking the time to confirm your preferences. Remove the facemask when leaving the residents room and dispose of the facemask in a waste container. CDC Guidance for Influenza Outbreak Management in Long-Term Care and Post-Acute Care Facilities . 1. The following practices should be considered when SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza viruses are found to be co-circulating based upon local public health surveillance data and testing at local healthcare facilities. They help us to know which pages are the most and least popular and see how visitors move around the site. PLoS One 2012; 7:e46509. CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website. April 2, 2020 . Ensure that the laboratory performing influenza testing notifies the facility of tests results promptly. Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website. If you do not allow these cookies we will not know when you have visited our site, and will not be able to monitor its performance. Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website. Treating and preventing influenza in aged care facilities: a cluster randomised controlled trial. These cookies allow us to count visits and traffic sources so we can measure and improve the performance of our site. Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website. In the event that a new patient or resident is admitted after the influenza vaccination program has concluded in the facility, the benefits of vaccination should be discussed, educational materials should be provided, and an opportunity for vaccination should be offered to the new resident as soon as possible after admission to the facility. E) Influenza antiviral chemoprophylaxis considerations.9-14. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS), and the Administration for Community Living are working together to assist long-term care settings in providing access to COVID-19 vaccines and, where recommended, boosters. Persons receiving chemoprophylaxis who become sick should be switched to treatment dosing. Wearing gloves if hand contact with respiratory secretions or potentially contaminated surfaces is anticipated. Vaccines: The CDC recommends that everyone age 5 and older get an updated covid booster shot. Childs A, Zullo AR, Joyce NR et al. Vaccinating long-term care facility residents, staff, and visitors against COVID-19 is a crucial step in preventing the spread of COVID-19 and protecting others. The fact sheet explains the risks and. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website. ONeil CA, Kim L, Prill MM et al. While you can reunite with your family once everyone has been vaccinated, safety precautions will still need to be taken. Flyers to Promote Vaccination (CDC): [All Our Tools] . Monitor healthcare personnel absenteeism due to respiratory symptoms and exclude those with influenza-like symptoms from work until at least 24 hours after they no longer have a fever. Dosage adjustment may be required for children and persons with certain underlying conditions. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2014; 8:7482. Cookies used to make website functionality more relevant to you. These cookies allow us to count visits and traffic sources so we can measure and improve the performance of our site. These cookies perform functions like remembering presentation options or choices and, in some cases, delivery of web content that based on self-identified area of interests. J Am Geriatr Soc 2001; 49:102531. Vaccine 2006; 24:66649. Managers and staff of long-term care settings, including skilled nursing facilities, adult care homes, family care homes, mental health group homes, and intermediate care facilities for individuals with intellectual disabilities, should review the resources and guidance to ensure they have the latest information in how to prepare and . Therefore, they can add combinations of these enhanced prevention strategies as feasible for a layered approach to increase the level of protection. Facilities ma y need to limit indoor visitation in some cases, which include, but are not limited to: An Executive Order restricting visitation is in effect because of a known case or suspected case of COVID-19 among staff and residents. All MDROs should be clearly communicated between . Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Arch Intern Med 1998; 158:21559. Facilities can also assess the unique risks of their setting and the populations they serve and use enhanced COVID-19 prevention strategies, described below, to help reduce the impact of COVID-19. When at least 2 residents are ill within 72 hours of each other with laboratory-confirmed influenza, the facility should expand antiviral chemoprophylaxis to non-ill residents living on the same unit as the residents with influenza (outbreak affected units), regardless of influenza vaccination status. Cookies used to make website functionality more relevant to you. While these considerations are specific to care of residents residing in nursing homes, some practices could be adapted for use in other long-term care settings (e.g. their vaccination status or to show proof of vaccination. CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website. Influenza outbreak control practices and the effectiveness of interventions in long-term care facilities: a systematic review. B) Residents confirmed with influenza only should be placed in a single room, if available, or housed with other residents with only influenza. While highly effective, antiviral chemoprophylaxis is not 100% effective in preventing influenza illness. You can review and change the way we collect information below. CDC recommends antiviral chemoprophylaxis with oseltamivir for a minimum of 2 weeks and continuing for at least 7 days after the last known laboratory-confirmed influenza case was identified on affected units. You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link. There are no FDA-cleared influenza diagnostic assays that utilize saliva specimens. COVID-19 vaccines can help keep you from getting seriously ill if you do get COVID-19. DPH has issued guidance to emergency responders and has shared important guidance from the CDC, including: DPH Guidance, April 3, 2020: Waiver for EMS Transport of Emergency Patients in Impending Childbirth or with Pregnancy Complications to Designated Alternate Sites on Hospital Grounds Caregivers Essential Caregiver Guidance This interim guidance provides guidelines for nursing homes and other long-term care (LTC) facilities on the appropriate use of essential caregivers (ECs) to provide companionship and assist residents with activities of daily living. 3721.01 the following: 1. 1, New SARS-CoV-2 infection identified in HCP or nursing home-onset infection in a resident should prompt additional testing in the facility.1. Recommended Dosage and Duration of Treatment or Chemoprophylaxis for Influenza Antiviral Medications, CDCs influenza antiviral drugs page for health professionals, CDCs seasonal influenza vaccination resources for health professionals page, Prevention and Control of Seasonal Influenza with Vaccines: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization PracticesUnited States, 202223 Influenza Season, Interim Guidance for Influenza Outbreak Management in Long-term Care Facilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (NCIRD), Reconstruction of the 1918 Influenza Pandemic Virus, 2022-2023 Preliminary In-Season Burden Estimate, Who is at Higher Risk of Flu Complications, Flu and COVID-19 Vaccine Coadministration, Who Should & Who Should NOT Get Vaccinated, Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine (LAIV)/Nasal Spray Vaccine, Selecting Viruses for the Seasonal Influenza Vaccine, Flu Vaccine and People with Egg Allergies, Frequently Asked Questions on Vaccine Supply, Historical Reference of Vaccine Doses Distributed, Investigating Respiratory Viruses in the Acutely Ill (IVY), Respiratory Virus Transmission Network (RVTN), Randomized Assessment of Influenza Vaccine Efficacy Network (RAIVEN), Hospitalized Adult Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Network (HAIVEN), How Vaccine Effectiveness and Efficacy are Measured, What People with a Staph Infection Should Know about Flu, Resources for Hosting a Vaccination Clinic, Overview of Influenza Surveillance in the United States, Influenza Hospitalization Surveillance Network (FluSurv-NET), Weekly U.S. COVID-19 Community Levels Update, Mar. Thank you for taking the time to confirm your preferences. According to requirements, each resident is to be vaccinated unless contraindicated medically, the resident or legal representative refuses vaccination, or the vaccine is not available because of shortage. Board of Health emergency rules require facilities to follow this guidance. Residents in the facility who develop symptoms of acute illness consistent with influenza or COVID-19 should be moved to a single room, if available, or remain in current room, pending results of viral testing. Cookies used to make website functionality more relevant to you. However, in settings where the initial vaccine supply is insufficient to vaccinate residents of all LTCFs, sub-prioritization of vaccine doses may be necessary. However, the CDC recommends that any resident who must leave the community wear a facemask for the duration of their outing. CMS COVID-19 Waivers and Flexibilities for Providers include: Physicians and Other Clinicians Hospitals and CAHs (including Swing Beds, DPUs), ASCs and CMHCs Teaching Hospitals, Teaching Physicians and Medical Residents Long Term Care Facilities (Skilled Nursing Facilities and/or Nursing Facilities) Home Health Agencies Hospice Antiviral treatment for influenza should be administered as soon as possible following clinical diagnosis. Determine if influenza virus is the causative agent by performing influenza testing on upper respiratory tract specimens (i.e., nasopharyngeal swab, nasal swabs, nasopharyngeal or nasal aspirates, or combined nasal and throat swabs) of ill residents with recent onset of signs and symptoms suggestive of influenza or acute respiratory illness. It is important to protect people who are disproportionately affected by COVID-19especially residents in long-term care (LTC) settings. Visitors that decline to disclose their vaccination status should adhere to the infection control principles of COVID-19 infection prevention for unvaccinated persons. Many LTC providers have identified strategies and partnerships to obtain and administer COVID-19 vaccines for residents and staff. Consent/assent for vaccination should be obtained from the resident or their medical proxy and documented in the residents chart per standard practice. They help us to know which pages are the most and least popular and see how visitors move around the site. See the CDC guidance Updated Healthcare Infection Prevention and Control Recommendations in Response to COVID-19 Vaccination for information on communal dining and activities. Clin Infect Dis 2004; 39:45964. Mar 10, 2021. You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link. C. Indoor Visitation Residents of long-term care facilities can experience severe and fatal illness during influenza outbreaks. An emphasis on close monitoring and early initiation of antiviral treatment is an alternative to chemoprophylaxis in managing certain persons who have had a suspected exposure to influenza virus. The Commonwealth has prioritized protecting the most vulnerable populations, including long-term care (nursing home, rest home, and assisted living) residents and staff. Evidence suggests that pregnant women are potentially at increased risk for severe COVID-19-associated illness and death compared to non-pregnant women, underscoring the importance of disease prevention in this population. Preventing transmission of influenza viruses and other infectious agents within healthcare settings, including in long-term care facilities, requires a multi-faceted approach that includes the following: If possible, all residents should receive inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) annually before influenza season. Cookies used to make website functionality more relevant to you. The facility should encourage all individuals to be up to date with all recommended COVID-19 vaccine doses, based upon the latest recommendations. Because SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus co-infection can occur, a positive influenza test result without SARS-CoV-2 testing does not exclude SARS-CoV-2 infection, and a positive SARS-CoV-2 test result without influenza testing does not exclude influenza virus infection. CDC twenty four seven. Thank you for taking the time to confirm your preferences. Cookies used to track the effectiveness of CDC public health campaigns through clickthrough data. During an outbreak, once a single laboratory-confirmed case of influenza has been identified in a resident, it is likely there are other cases among exposed persons. However, in settings where the initial vaccine supply is insufficient to vaccinate all HCP, sub-prioritization of vaccine doses may be necessary. Fact sheets, guidelines, reports, and resources, Fact sheet, patient safety and other information, Checklists, fact sheet, toolkits, and additional links, Specialized training and resources for nursing home staff, How facilities are keeping residents safe from infections, State-developed resources and information, The Core Elements of Antibiotic Stewardship for Nursing Homes, The Department of Health and Human Services has developed a strategy to address infections in Long-term Care Facilities in Phase 3 of the National Action Plan to Prevent Health Care-Associated Infections: Road Map to Eliminationexternal icon. Influenza testing with molecular assays such as RT-PCR may be available at a local or state public health laboratory. Cookies used to enable you to share pages and content that you find interesting on CDC.gov through third party social networking and other websites. Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website. A) Residents confirmed to have SARS-CoV-2 infection should be placed in a single room, if available, or housed with other residents with only SARS-CoV-2 infection. Use the response checklist (updated 4/29/2022) to get started: Changing gloves and gowns after each resident encounter and performing hand hygiene. All Residential Care Facilities, Assisted Living Facilities, Intermediate Care Facilities, Skilled Nursing Facilities should follow current Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Guidelines related to managing healthcare personnel who have tested positive or an exposure to COVID-19. CDC guidance for nursing homes generally also applies to other long-term care facilities. Thank you for taking the time to confirm your preferences. This guidance is for assisted living residences and group homes for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities that are not regulated by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). Older adults with COVID-19 may not always manifest fever or respiratory symptoms. These cookies may also be used for advertising purposes by these third parties. You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link. Staggering delivery of vaccine to HCP in the facility so that personnel from a single department or unit are not all vaccinated at the same time. CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website. They help us to know which pages are the most and least popular and see how visitors move around the site. Last updated: December 29, 2022 Changes to visitor guidance Social visits have resumed at long-term care facilities. Older adults (especially those ages 50 years and older, with risk increasing with older age) are more likely than younger people to get very sick if they get COVID-19. BMC Geriatr. LTCFspdf icon provide a spectrum of medical and non-medical services to frail or older adults unable to reside independently in the community. As part of Standard Precautions, eye protection should be worn if splashes or sprays are anticipated (e.g., the resident is coughing or sneezing). (For more information seeRecommended Dosage and Duration of Treatment or Chemoprophylaxis for Influenza Antiviral Medicationsand (https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciy866/5251935). Below are resources to support nursing homes, assisted living facilities, and adult day services with new requirements for visitation, testing, vaccination, and service delivery. If you do not allow these cookies we will not know when you have visited our site, and will not be able to monitor its performance. Test for influenza with a molecular assay in the following: Ill persons who are in the affected unit(s) as well as previously unaffected units in the facility, Persons who develop acute respiratory illness symptoms after beginning antiviral chemoprophylaxis. Cookies used to make website functionality more relevant to you. assisted living facilities CDC is committed to keeping long term care patients safe from infections. Inhaled zanamivir is approved for early treatment of influenza in persons aged 7 years and older. Antiviral chemoprophylaxis should also be considered in personnel for whom influenza vaccine is contraindicated. Testing Bush KA, McAnulty J, McPhie K, et al; Southern New South Wales Public Health Unit. This will also reduce transmission of viruses that may have become resistant to antiviral drugs during therapy. Information about influenza testing is available at: https://www.cdc.gov/flu/professionals/diagnosis/index.htm. Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website. Goriek Miksi N, Uri T, Simonovi Z, et al. Skilled nursing facilities: facility engaged primarily in providing skilled nursing care and rehabilitation services for residents who require care because of injury, disability, or illness. Expand All Sections. Less common symptoms can include new or worsening malaise, headache, or new dizziness, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and loss of taste or smell. Information on. Residents (or their medical proxies) get a. Residents often live in their own room or apartment within a building or group of buildings. COVID-19 vaccines, including boosters, are effective at protecting people from getting seriously ill, being hospitalized, and dying. Antiviral chemoprophylaxis is meant for residents who are not exhibiting influenza-like illness but who may be exposed or who may have been exposed to an ill person with influenza, to prevent transmission. Intern Med 2002; 41:36670. It is estimated that 1 to 3 million serious infections occur every year in: CDC is committed to keeping long term care patients safe from infections. Saving Lives, Protecting People, symptoms of influenza and COVID-19 are similar, healthcare-associated infection program in your state health department, National Institutes of Health COVID-19 Treatment Guidelines Panel, latest recommendations on treatment of nonhospitalized persons with mild-to-moderate COVID-19, Therapeutic Management of Nonhospitalized Adults With COVID-19, Medicare Monoclonal Antibody COVID-19 Infusion Program Instruction, https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/infection-control-recommendations.html, https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-nCoV/lab/guidelines-clinical-specimens.html, https://www.cdc.gov/flu/professionals/diagnosis/table-flu-covid19-detection.html, https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/coronavirus-disease-2019-covid-19-emergency-use-authorizations-medical-devices/vitro-diagnostics-euas#individual-molecular, https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/coronavirus-disease-2019-covid-19-emergency-use-authorizations-medical-devices/vitro-diagnostics-euas#individual-antigenhttps://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/coronavirus-disease-2019-covid-19-emergency-use-authorizations-medical-devices/vitro-diagnostics-euas#individual-antigen, https://www.cdc.gov/flu/professionals/diagnosis/table-nucleic-acid-detection.html, https://www.cdc.gov/flu/professionals/diagnosis/table-ridt.html, https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/guidelines/isolation/appendix/type-duration-precautions.html, https://academic.oup.com/cid/article/68/6/895/5369363, https://www.cdc.gov/flu/professionals/antivirals/summary-clinicians.htm, https://www.cdc.gov/flu/highrisk/index.htm, https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/need-extra-precautions/people-with-medical-conditions.html, https://www.covid19treatmentguidelines.nih.gov/special-populations/influenza/, https://www.atsjournals.org/doi/10.1164/rccm.201908-1581ST, https://www.cdc.gov/flu/professionals/infectioncontrol/ltc-facility-guidance.htm, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (NCIRD), Reconstruction of the 1918 Influenza Pandemic Virus, 2022-2023 Preliminary In-Season Burden Estimate, Who is at Higher Risk of Flu Complications, Flu and COVID-19 Vaccine Coadministration, Who Should & Who Should NOT Get Vaccinated, Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine (LAIV)/Nasal Spray Vaccine, Selecting Viruses for the Seasonal Influenza Vaccine, Flu Vaccine and People with Egg Allergies, Frequently Asked Questions on Vaccine Supply, Historical Reference of Vaccine Doses Distributed, Investigating Respiratory Viruses in the Acutely Ill (IVY), Respiratory Virus Transmission Network (RVTN), Randomized Assessment of Influenza Vaccine Efficacy Network (RAIVEN), Hospitalized Adult Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Network (HAIVEN), How Vaccine Effectiveness and Efficacy are Measured, What People with a Staph Infection Should Know about Flu, Resources for Hosting a Vaccination Clinic, Overview of Influenza Surveillance in the United States, Influenza Hospitalization Surveillance Network (FluSurv-NET), Weekly U.S.